Beef cows need to have a good body condition score going into the winter.

Early-gestating beef cows need good nutrition

Better Bunks and Pastures: Two-stage use of minerals over the fall and winter can help cows maintain body condition at a better cost

Late autumn is when many spring calves are weaned and removed from their moms. The remaining cow herd is now in its earliest weeks of gestation and requires a modest level of nutrition. It is an opportunity to feed some of the most cost-effective forage diets. But as time goes on, beef cows’ nutrient requirements […] Read more


Once calves are weaned, there are options for when they can be marketed.

Pencil out the investment in a background feeding program

Better Bunks and Pastures: Knowing the numbers can help dictate whether calves should be sold or retained

As most of the leaves have fallen, many spring calves are being weaned. It’s also the time when many people determine whether their weaned calves are immediately sold or held back for further feeding. Record-high prices, especially on the weaned calf side of the market, should have everyone penciling out the feasibility of continued backgrounding […] Read more

cattle with mineral feeder

How to manage beef cow summer mineral intake

Better Bunks and Pastures: Most solutions are found with common sense and changing practices

A long time ago, I helped a producer feed loose mineral to his herd of 60 beef cows. It was at the start of summer and during their breeding season. We’d just rip open a couple of bags and pour the mineral into an old wooden crate near a full dugout of drinking water. Often, […] Read more


A polycystic ovary (left) compared with a normal ovary (right) from a cow.

Good early-lactation nutrition cuts risk of cystic ovaries

Dairy Corner: A drop in proper metabolic function will pose reproductive challenges in cows

Most producers usually wait until estrus appears in a dairy cow at 60-70 days postpartum, then place an emphasis on getting her pregnant by 90 days. This practice maintains a 13-month calving interval. Unfortunately, the onslaught of cystic ovaries in 30 per cent of all breeding cows makes it a challenge. Yet, there is hope […] Read more

Heifer rations are a balance of enough nutrition for optimum growth and low cost.

Balancing low cost with enough nutrition

Use caution when feeding low-quality forage to dairy replacement heifers

Most dairy producers always look for ways to reduce the livestock feed costs. Some people have taken advantage that three-month-old replacement dairy heifers have a fully developed rumen and can truly digest lower quality/cost forages. There is nothing wrong in feeding this way, but these forages must be well balanced with other more nutritious feedstuffs […] Read more


Feed particle size does make a difference. The ration should include longer stem forages that encourage cud chewing.

There’s a reason if cows aren’t chewing their cud

It's important to look at the structure of fibre in the ration

This fall I visited three similar dairies milking between 100 and 150 cows. It was about 10 a.m. in two barns (different days) and midafternoon in the third. In each case I noticed less than 10 per cent of resting cows (three-quarters were lying down) were not chewing their cud. I reviewed the TMR in […] Read more

bull

Getting bulls prepped for breeding season

Bulls in optimum body condition have high sperm count and sex drive at breeding

Beef bulls are prepared in different ways before the upcoming breeding season. Some are ignored, maybe left on some distant stubble field or in a drylot pen, and inadequately fed. Other bulls are fed too well, so they waddle with fat. The rest are properly prepared for the breeding season, putting them in the best […] Read more


There’s value in adding biotin to dairy diets

There’s value in adding biotin to dairy diets

Important to milk production and hoof health, biotin can get lost in the nutrient shuffle

It’s long been recognized that lactating dairy cows have a specific requirement for biotin which may not be met by natural synthesis in the rumen. Much research in the early 2000s demonstrated biotin supplements to lactating dairy diets yields respectable improvements in hoof health and better milk production. With the advent of many available feed […] Read more

Keeping replacement heifers in ideal body condition

Keeping replacement heifers in ideal body condition

You don't want them too thin or too fat — aim for somewhere in between

When weaned dairy calves are released from the calf barn and put into replacement heifer pens, there are different ways of feeding them. Some post-weaned heifers are not well fed and poor nutrition is almost guaranteed to make them struggle throughout their first lactation. Other replacement heifers are fed too well. As a result, they […] Read more